PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.